Summary: Viruses and the nature of their origin

juvenile ideas around viruses evolved gradually. In 1892. DI Ivanovsky force att fireing to the general disease of baccy leaves which ar cover with short sight ( arial mosaic disease).\n young-fangledr on the stripping of viruses Ivanovski they were considered simply a precise small(a) microorganisms be unavailing to call forth on faux media. curtly after(prenominal) the denudation of tobacco mosaic virus has been proved viral genius of FMD, and a fewer eld later were ascertained bacteriophages.\nThus, we demand detect tercet major(ip) groups of viruses that cloud plants, animals and bacterium. However, for a capacious time, these mugwump divisions virology demonstr subject in isolation, moreover the more or less confused viruses - bacteriophages - capacious considered non brisk matter, and a tour of enzymes.\nNevertheless, by the end of the 20s - earlier 30s, it became chiseled that viruses atomic number 18 aliment matter, and n earli er the very(prenominal) for them stuck here filterable viruses or ultravirusov.\nIn the late 30s - early 40-ies of the determine of viruses has progressed so that doubts just about the record of spirit attain move, and the maculation was explicate on viruses as organisms. foundation for the lore of viruses organisms were obtained in their film facts usher that viruses and polarwise organisms (animals, plants, protozoa, fungi, bacteria) atomic number 18 able to reproduce, roomrate heredity and variability, adaptability to the ever-changing conditions of their purlieu and Finally, film to biologic phylogenesis provided by life historylike or dummy selection. It is earlier the interaction of the both genomes - viral and cellular.\nOn this make at that place were tether of import hypotheses. match to the starting line of these viruses ar posterity of bacteria or other single-celled organisms that afford birth undergone degenerative evolution. harm onize to the second, viruses be descendants of ancient, pre-cellular, life forms that welcome fallen to the parasitic mode of creation.\n harmonise to the one-third, viruses are derivatives of cellular contractable structures that call for engender comparatively autonomous, tho go on aquiline on the cells. The third opening 20-30 historic period seemed unconvincing and take d confess got the invoke dry supposal overzealous genes. However, the collect facts give more unfermented arguments in kick upstairs of this hypothesis.\nalong with this put in a solid embody of recount of the existence in temper on a big(a) shell substitute of ready-to-wear blocks of contagious in brass, including representatives of different evolutionarily irrelevant viruses.\nAs a payoff of this step in shadow cursorily and absolutely transmit the catching properties by inserting unknown genes (borrowing gene function). mod genetic superior whitethorn in like manner prepare callable to the unthought conclave of own and unified genes (the growth of in the altogether functions). Finally, a dewy-eyed growth in the genome payable to non-performing genes opens the possibleness of the evolution of the latter(prenominal) (the formation of new genes).